barbarous

Reading level: hard

Estimated CEFR level: B2 — Upper-Intermediate

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

  1. adjective (of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering
  2. adjective primitive in customs and culture

Etymology

Late Middle English, from Latin barbarus (“foreigner, savage”), from Ancient Greek βάρβαρος (bárbaros, “foreign, strange”).

In classic literature

Synonyms

brutal, cruel, fell, roughshod, savage, vicious

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