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Classic usage
Estimated CEFR level: C2 — Proficiency
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
From Middle English bidungen, bydyngen, from Old English *bedynġan, from Proto-West Germanic *bidungijan, equivalent to be- + dung. Cognate with West Frisian bedongje (“to bedung”), Dutch bedongen (“to bedung”), German bedüngen (“to bedung”).
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Classic usage
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