caliph

Reading level: hard

Estimated CEFR level: C1 — Advanced

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

  1. noun the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth

Etymology

From Middle English calife, caliphe, from Old French caliphe, from Medieval Latin calipha, from Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “caliph”) and خَلِيف (ḵalīf, “successor”).

In classic literature

Synonyms

calif, kaliph, kalif, khalif, khalifah

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