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Classic usage
Reading level: hard
Estimated CEFR level: B2 — Upper-Intermediate
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
Originally from Middle English confused (“frustrated, ruined”), from Anglo-Norman confus + Middle English -ed (past participial suffix), from Latin cōnfūsus, past participle of cōnfundō; now equivalent to confuse (a back-formation) + -ed.
confuse, confound
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Classic usage
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