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Classic usage
Reading level: hard
Estimated CEFR level: C1 — Advanced
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
From Middle English crude, borrowed from Latin crūdus (“raw, bloody, uncooked, undigested, crude”). Doublet of crudo, from Italian. Cognate with Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”) via Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw blood”); more at raw.
petroleum, crude oil, rock oil, fossil oil, oil
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Classic usage
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