fraud

Reading level: hard

Estimated CEFR level: B2 — Upper-Intermediate

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

noun intentional deception resulting in injury to another person
noun a person who makes deceitful pretenses
noun something intended to deceive; deliberate trickery intended to gain an advantage

From Middle English fraude (recorded since 1345), from Old French fraude, a borrowing from Latin fraus (“deceit, injury, offence”).

The business was a fraud. — The Lock and Key Library: Classic Mystery and Detective Stories: Modern English, Unknown
The business was a fraud. — The Works of Rudyard Kipling: One Volume Edition, Rudyard Kipling
“Certainly it is a fraud! — The Idiot, Fyodor Dostoyevsky

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