garden

Reading level: medium

Estimated CEFR level: A2 — Elementary

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

  1. noun a plot of ground where plants are cultivated
  2. noun the flowers or vegetables or fruits or herbs that are cultivated in a garden
  3. noun a yard or lawn adjoining a house

Etymology

From Middle English gardyn, garden, from Anglo-Norman gardin, from Frankish *gardin-, oblique stem of *gardō (“enclosure, yard”), from Proto-Germanic *gardô (“enclosure, garden, house”), whence also inherited English yard. (compare Old French jart alongside jardin, Medieval Latin gardīnus). Doublet of jardin. Displaced Old English wyrttūn. Cognates Cognate with West Frisian gard, Low German Goorn, Dutch gaard, gaarde, German Garten, Icelandic garður, French jardin, Spanish jardín, Italian giardino, Sicilian jardinu. Via PIE cognate with Bulgarian градина (gradina), Czech zahrada, Polish ogród, Russian огоро́д (ogoród). Compare typologically Latin hortus (a possible cognate via PIE); Ancient Greek περίβολος (períbolos), Proto-Iranian *paridayjah (whence Ancient Greek παράδεισος (parádeisos)).

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