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Classic usage
Reading level: hard
Estimated CEFR level: B2 — Upper-Intermediate
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
From Middle English gardener, either calqued or loaned from Anglo-Norman and Old Northern French gardinier. See garden, and compare German Gärtner (“gardener”), which is equivalent to a derivative of the German cognate to English garden, Garten (“garden”), + -er. Displaced native Old English wyrtweard (effectively "wortward").
nurseryman
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Classic usage
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