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Classic usage
Estimated CEFR level: C2 — Proficiency
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
Borrowed from French idéologie, from idéo- + -logie (equivalent to English ideo- + -logy). Cognate with, but not derived from, idea. Coined 1796 by Antoine Destutt de Tracy. Modern sense of “doctrine” attributed to use of related idéologue (“ideologue”) by Napoleon Bonaparte as a term of abuse towards political opponents in early 1800s.
political orientation, political theory
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Classic usage
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