mutualism

Estimated CEFR level: C2 — Proficiency

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

  1. noun the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other

Etymology

From mutual + -ism. Compare French mutualisme and Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish mutualismo.

In classic literature

Synonyms

symbiosis

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