spartan

Reading level: hard

Estimated CEFR level: C1 — Advanced

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

  1. noun a resident of Sparta
  2. adjective of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people
  3. adjective resolute in the face of pain or danger or adversity

Etymology

By analogy with the ancient Spartans, who famously possessed these qualities.

In classic literature

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