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Classic usage
Reading level: hard
Estimated CEFR level: C1 — Advanced
Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.
From late Middle English spyne, from Old French espine (French épine) or its source, Latin spīna (“a thorn; a prickle, spine; the backbone”). Doublet of spina.
spinal column, vertebral column, backbone, back, rachis
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Classic usage
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