surplus

Reading level: hard

Estimated CEFR level: C1 — Advanced

Estimated from word frequency; not an official CEFR classification.

Definition

From Middle English surplus, from Middle French surplus. Compare French surplus.

The criterion must be the presence or otherwise of a surplus value. — A history of economic doctrines : $b from the time of the physiocrats to the present day, Charles Gide
So at the end of the week both boys found themselves with surplus earnings. — Ragged Dick, Or, Street Life in New York with the Boot-Blacks, Horatio, Jr. Alger
If he be like to die, he had better do it, and decrease the surplus population." — A Christmas Carol in Prose; Being a Ghost Story of Christmas, Charles Dickens

excess, surplusage, nimiety

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